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JavaScript reads and updates the DOM to make pages interactive. If a button, form, or modal changes on screen, the DOM is usually changing too.
Plainly
Think of DOM as a named building block in a big LEGO app. The browser’s live tree of HTML elements on a page.
In practice
Use it when you are mapping how the app is structured or explaining a feature to a teammate or agent. In practice, define the owner, input, output, and failure mode before you rely on it.